ENERGY

Africa Cities Embrace Renewable Energy

<p><em>Africa Cities have shown that renewable energy is the way to go<&sol;em><br &sol;>&NewLine;<strong><a href&equals;"https&colon;&sol;&sol;openlife&period;ng&sol;">OpenLife Nigeria<&sol;a><&sol;strong> has gathered that the 2021 edition of REN21’s Renewables in Cities Global Status Report&comma; shows that one billion people live in cities with a renewable energy target or policy&period; The number of cities that have enforced partial or complete bans on fossil fuels jumped fivefold in 2020&period;<br &sol;>&NewLine;With a special focus on Sub-Saharan Africa&comma; the report shows that despite many challenges&comma; city governments across the region have taken important steps to advance the deployment of renewables&period;<br &sol;>&NewLine;This information is contained in a statement signed by Jonathan Collings of Alesia Communications and made available to OpenLife Nigeria&period;<br &sol;>&NewLine;According to the statement&comma; Africa’s urban population increased more than 16-fold between 1950 and 2018&comma; from 33 million to 548 million&comma; and this rapid urban growth has been and remains a key driver of rising energy demand&period; Cities across Sub-Saharan Africa increasingly recognise the opportunities around renewable energy use to improve energy access&comma; reduce energy poverty as well as boosting the resilience and reliability of existing power systems&period;<br &sol;>&NewLine;City governments play a key role in shaping the energy landscape&period; At least 19 cities&comma; including Cape Town &lpar;South Africa&rpar; and Kampala &lpar;Uganda&rpar; have renewable energy targets in place&comma; and 34 cities have policies&period; Many cities in the region have joined global clean energy initiatives&period; For example&comma; signatories to the Covenant of Mayors in Sub-Saharan Africa &lpar;CoM SSA&rpar;&lbrack;1&rsqb; have voluntarily committed to implementing climate and energy actions in their communities&period; The Climate Action Planning Africa Programme&comma; led by C40 Cities&comma; brings together 11 megacities in Sub-Saharan Africa that have pledged to become net-zero carbon by 2050&period;<br &sol;>&NewLine;<strong>Locally driven ambitions have led to positive outcomes<&sol;strong><&sol;p>&NewLine;<p>The report highlights the achievements of five very different and representative cities&colon; Cape Town &lpar;South Africa&rpar;&comma; Dakar &lpar;Senegal&rpar;&comma; Kampala &lpar;Uganda&rpar;&comma; Tsévié &lpar;Togo&rpar; and Youndé IV &lpar;Cameroon&rpar;&period;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p>The City of Cape Town has been a pioneer in providing more affordable and secure energy access and in reducing the city’s carbon footprint&period; In 2017&comma; the City entered into a court challenge with the national government to enable it to purchase electricity from independent power producers &lpar;IPPs&rpar; and not be confined to procuring coal-fired power from Eskom&period; By 2019&comma; Cape Town had the highest concentration of registered rooftop solar PV systems nationwide&period;<br &sol;>&NewLine;Dakar is home to 50&percnt; of Senegal’s urban population&period; <a href&equals;"https&colon;&sol;&sol;openlife&period;ng&sol;">Under the C40 Cities Leadership Programme<&sol;a>&comma; Dakar is committed to be net-zero carbon by 2050&period; The City’s transport plan articulates three ambitious infrastructure projects –train&comma; bus and on-road transport – with a common goal of increasing the share of electrification and reducing fossil fuel dependence across these three transport modes while also reducing air pollution by 2030&period;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p>Kampala’s energy demand is dominated by the transport sector with inefficient transport modes driving up the city’s congestion&period; The SMART mobility program has enabled successful public-private partnerships&comma; which in 2020 resulted in the use of more than 200 new and retrofitted electric motorcycles for public transport&period; The rise of electric mobility in Kampala is a strong example of how such relationships can be leveraged to advance the renewable energy agenda at a city level&period;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p>Tsévié has implemented a three-year municipal energy programme to boost local energy access and development&period; Under this flagship programme&comma; the municipality aims to achieve its sustainability ambitions in four strategic areas&colon; 1&rpar; sustainable biomass use&comma; 2&rpar; deployment of distributed rooftop solar PV&comma; 3&rpar; increased adoption of electric motorcycles and 4&rpar; a modal shift to public transport&period;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p>The city of Yaoundé IV rolled out a pilot project in 2019 to switch households from using LPG to biogas&comma; thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions&period; The success of the project has paved the way for similar programmes&comma; notably ENERGIE PLUS&comma; which seeks to build an industrial scale biogas plant to supply electricity to Yaoundé IV and its environs&period;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p><strong>Low-cost renewable energy can be a key lever to power economic growth<&sol;strong><&sol;p>&NewLine;<p>In addition to providing Sub-Saharan African cities with greater access to modern energy services&comma; renewables also offer important co-benefits such as reducing air pollution&comma; mitigating climate change&comma; creating more liveable urban areas and enabling a better quality of life through increased access to basic services&period; However&comma; municipal governments in the region face numerous barriers to the deployment of renewables&period; Key challenges include policy and regulation&comma; underdeveloped grids and infrastructure&comma; unstable off-taker arrangements&comma; access to financial markets&comma; data needs and technical capacity&period;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p>Although city authorities in Sub-Saharan Africa may have limited influence over infrastructure and services&comma; they can all take action to encourage local renewable energy deployment&period; Developing low-carbon pathways requires multiple collaborations across a broad range of stakeholders&comma; including national policy makers&period; As the five case studies illustrate&comma; progressive leadership has produced positive outcomes for renewable energy deployment&period;<&sol;p>&NewLine;<p>&nbsp&semi;<&sol;p>&NewLine;

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